David Epstein quotes
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David Epstein. (1980 - ). American author and journalist.
Contents
- 1 Breadth
- 2 Wicked Domains
- 3 Unkind Domains
- 4 Forest Trees
- 5 Analogical Thinking
- 6 Ill-Defined Problems
- 7 Wicked World
- 8 Gritty
- 9 Creativity
- 10 Ambiguity
- 11 Knowledge Bridge
- 12 Yourself Yesterday
- 13 Giant Undertakings
- 14 Problems
- 15 Explorations
- 16 Slice and Dice
- 17 Researcher Freedom
- 18 Replication Crisis
- 19 Scientific Method Constraints
- 20 Creative Constraints
- 21 Complete Freedom
- 22 Haiku
- 23 The Box
- 24 Haiku Way
Breadth
“The challenge we all face is how to maintain the benefits of breadth, diverse experience, interdisciplinary thinking, and delayed concentration in a world that increasingly incentivizes, even demands, hyperspecialization.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Introduction, page 13. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Breadth
- Keywords: Challenge_quotes Face_quotes Maintain_quotes Benefit_quotes Breadth_quotes Diversity_quotes Experience_quotes Interdisciplinary_quotes Thinking_quotes Delay_quotes Concentration_quotes World_quotes Increase_quotes Incentive_quotes Demand_quotes Hyperspecialization_quotes Specialization_quotes
Wicked Domains
“In wicked domains, the rules of the game are often unclear or incomplete, there may or may not be repetitive patterns and they may not be obvious, and feedback is often delayed, inaccurate, or both.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 1, page 21. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Wicked_Domains
Unkind Domains
“When narrow specialization is combined with an unkind domain, the human tendency to rely on experience of familiar patterns can backfire horribly.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 1, page 32. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Unkind_Domains
Forest Trees
“Premodern people miss the forest for the trees; modern people miss the trees for the forest.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 2, page 44. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Forest_Trees
Analogical Thinking
“Analogical thinking takes the new and makes it familiar... It also allows us to understand that which we cannot see at all.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 5, page 103. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Analogical_Thinking
Ill-Defined Problems
“Human intuition, it appears, is not very well engineered to make use of the best tools when faced with what the researchers called ‘ill-defined problems.’”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 5, page 106. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Ill-Defined_Problems
Wicked World
“In a wicked world, relying upon experience from a single domain is not only limiting, it can be disastrous.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 5, page 107. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Wicked_World
Gritty
“Instead of asking whether someone is gritty, we should ask when they are.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 7, page 160. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Gritty
Creativity
“There is, to be sure, no comprehensive theory of creativity.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 9, page 198. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Creativity
Ambiguity
“Thinkers who tolerate ambiguity make the best forecasts.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 11, page 256. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Ambiguity
Knowledge Bridge
“Work that builds bridges between disparate pieces of knowledge is less likely to be funded, less likely to appear in famous journals, more likely to be ignored upon publication, and then more likely in the long run to be a smash hit in the library of human knowledge.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Chapter 12, page 282. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Knowledge_Bridge
Yourself Yesterday
“Compare yourself to yourself yesterday, not to younger people who aren’t you. Everyone progresses at a different rate, so don’t let anyone else make you feel behind. You probably don’t even know where exactly you’re going, so feeling behind doesn’t help.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World”. Published 2019 by Riverhead Books. Conclusion, page 290. ISBN 978-0735214484.
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Yourself_Yesterday
Giant Undertakings
“Since the 1990s, researcher Bent Flyvbjerg has kept a database that tracks giant undertakings... Only 8.5 percent of projects finished on time and on budget; 0.5 percent did that and delivered the prophesied benefits. Almost every major infrastructure project goes over budget, but at least not by as much as IT projects, which have a greater tendency to go hundreds of percent over budget. The pattern of disaster that Flyvbjerg has documented is relatively simple: With few constraints, exciting projects get too large too fast, going from big idea to giant endeavor extremely quickly.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 14. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Giant_Undertakings
- Keywords: Since_quotes Research_quotes Database_quotes Track_quotes Giant_quotes Undertaking_quotes Percent_quotes Project_quotes Finish_quotes Time_quotes Budget_quotes Deliver_quotes Prophecy_quotes Benefit_quotes Major_quotes Infrastructure_quotes Go_quotes Information_Technology_quotes Great_quotes Tendency_quotes Hundred_quotes Over_quotes Pattern_quotes Disaster_quotes Documentation_quotes Relative_quotes Simple_quotes Few_quotes Constraint_quotes Excited_quotes Large_quotes Fast_quotes Big_quotes Idea_quotes Endeavor_quotes Quick_quotes
Problems
“In familiar problems, the space is ‘well-structured’ — marked with clear roads, so to speak — so one merely need follow known routes... For unfamiliar challenges, or ‘ill-structured’ problems, the problem space is so vast and uncharted that imposing some structure — deciding where to begin and how to advance — becomes the challenge.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 29. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Problems
- Keywords: Familiar_quotes Problem_quotes Space_quotes Well_quotes Structure_quotes Mark_quotes Clear_quotes Road_quotes Mere_quotes Need_quotes Follow_quotes Know_quotes Route_quotes Unfamiliar_quotes Challenge_quotes Ill_quotes Vast_quotes Uncharted_quotes Impose_quotes Decide_quotes Begin_quotes Where_quotes How_quotes Advance_quotes Become_quotes
Explorations
“When exploration is too free, it becomes difficult to learn anything at all.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 31. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Explorations
Slice and Dice
“Slice and dice enough, and you’ll always alight on a false-positive association just due to chance.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 38. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Slice_and_Dice
Researcher Freedom
“The problem of researcher freedom leading to false conclusions is now known to be pervasive in science. The age of big data and big-database software makes it easier than ever to mix and match statistics in pursuit of positive results that are likely just artifacts of chance.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 38. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Researcher_Freedom
- Keywords: Problem_quotes Research_quotes Freedom_quotes Lead_quotes False_quotes Conclusion_quotes Know_quotes Now_quotes Pervasive_quotes Science_quotes Age_quotes Big_quotes Data_quotes Database_quotes Software_quotes Make_quotes Easy_quotes Mix_quotes Match_quotes Statistics_quotes Pursuit_quotes Positive_quotes Result_quotes Likely_quotes Artifact_quotes Chance_quotes
Replication Crisis
“The so-called replication crisis over the last decade has been painful for many scientists, but researchers in every discipline have been learning from it and working to improve their fields. It was, after all, scientists themselves who raised the alarm about their colleagues’ work (and in some cases their own work) in the first place. Increasingly, researchers now share or formally preregister their hypotheses at the start of a project. They can still deviate from the plan to explore unexpected findings, but the deviations are transparent. The point of restricting freedom in this way... is not to stifle inquiry but to make it more valuable.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 39. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Replication_Crisis
- Keywords: Replication_quotes Crisis_quotes Decade_quotes Pain_quotes Science_quotes Research_quotes Discipline_quotes Learn_quotes Work_quotes Improve_quotes Field_quotes Raise_quotes Alarm_quotes Colleague_quotes Case_quotes First_quotes Place_quotes Increase_quotes Share_quotes Formal_quotes Preregister_quotes Hypothesis_quotes Start_quotes Project_quotes Deviation_quotes Plan_quotes Explore_quotes Unexpected_quotes Finding_quotes Transparency_quotes Point_quotes Restrict_quotes Freedom_quotes Way_quotes Stifle_quotes Inquiry_quotes Make_quotes Valuable_quotes
Scientific Method Constraints
“Well-conceived constraints, like those at the heart of the scientific method, compel us to stop, think, and test. In other words, they force us to learn.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 43. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Scientific_Method_Constraints
Creative Constraints
“That's the thing about constraints that spur creativity: They shut down many possibilities, but stimulate more varied and novel exploration of those that remain... Given complete freedom, our very strong urge is to follow the ‘path of least resistance.’ Specifically, we do only what we have done before, or follow the first example that jumps to mind.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 58. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Creative_Constraints
- Keywords: Thing_quotes Constraint_quotes Spur_quotes Creativity_quotes Shut_quotes Down_quotes Many_quotes Possibility_quotes Stimulate_quotes Variety_quotes Novel_quotes Explore_quotes Remain_quotes Give_quotes Complete_quotes Freedom_quotes Strong_quotes Urge_quotes Follow_quotes Path_quotes Least_quotes Resistance_quotes Do_quotes What_quotes Before_quotes Follow_quotes First_quotes Example_quotes Jump_quotes Mind_quotes
Complete Freedom
“In other words, when anything is possible, it becomes nearly impossible to do anything new. Complete freedom, paradoxically, leads to conformity.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 58. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Complete_Freedom
Haiku
“Haiku, the three-line poem made by alternating lines of five, seven, and five syllables... in the seventeenth century, a student of Zen named Matsuo Bashō... made it into its own serious form, imbued with Zen principles. Not only were the words spare, but the ethos was as well... It prompted poets to pause and look mindfully at the world around them... This minuscule problem space is known around the world for its ability to turn anyone, from kindergartener to adult, into a probing wordsmith in an instant. Look around you; try it. The form's scarcity will immediately ignite an exploration of new linguistic possibilities in your mind.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 68. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Haiku
- Keywords: Haiku_quotes Poem_quotes Make_quotes Alternative_quotes Line_quotes Syllable_quotes Century_quotes Student_quotes Zen_quotes Serious_quotes Form_quotes Imbue_quotes Principle_quotes Spare_quotes Ethos_quotes Prompt_quotes Poet_quotes Pause_quotes Look_quotes Mindful_quotes World_quotes Around_quotes Minuscule_quotes Problem_quotes Space_quotes Know_quotes Ability_quotes Turn_quotes Anyone_quotes Kindergarten_quotes Adult_quotes Probe_quotes Wordsmith_quotes Instant_quotes Try_quotes Scarce_quotes Immediate_quotes Ignite_quotes Explore_quotes Linguistic_quotes Possibility_quotes Mind_quotes
The Box
“Sometimes new ideas require entirely new forms. It’s not that we need to ‘think outside the box,’ so to speak, as much as we need to craft a new box, for new ideas. Constraints can help with that.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 70. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/The_Box
Haiku Way
“Haiku finds depth in the simple, and creativity in constraints that block the path of least resistance... Haiku is small, so you can try easily and iterate quickly. It is in present tense, so it forces you to be in the moment... Haiku is the simplest example of a helpful constraint... It is not a form, it is a way — an attitude. It is a way of being, of eagerly accepting unnecessary obstacles because of where they can lead.”
- Source: David Epstein in the book “Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better”. Published 2026 by Riverhead Books. Page 233. ISBN 978-0593715734 (Ebook).
- See Also:
- David_Epstein_quotes
- David_Epstein_quotes/Haiku_Way
- Keywords: Haiku_quotes Find_quotes Depth_quotes Simple_quotes Creativity_quotes Constraint_quotes Block_quotes Path_quotes Least_quotes Resistance_quotes Small_quotes Try_quotes Easy_quotes Iteration_quotes Quick_quotes Present_quotes Tense_quotes Force_quotes Moment_quotes Example_quotes Help_quotes Form_quotes Way_quotes Attitude_quotes Being_quotes Eager_quotes Accept_quotes Unnecessary_quotes Obstacle_quotes Because_quotes Where_quotes Lead_quotes